音响的音质效果好坏是由所选用的电解电容型号决定的，所以，想要制造出顶级的音响就需要选择与之相匹配的电解电容元器件。俗话说：“好钢用在刀刃上”，就是这个道理。在为音响选择电解电容型号的时候，需要考虑哪些参数呢？

　　The sound quality of sound is determined by the electrolytic capacitor selected. Therefore, if you want to produce top-level audio, you need to choose the electrolytic capacitor components matching with it. As the saying goes: "good steel is used on the blade", which is the truth.What parameters need to be considered when selecting electrolytic capacitor model for audio?

　　1、标称参数：就是电容器外壳上所列出的数值。

　　Nominal parameters: the values listed on the capacitor shell.

　　静电容量，用UF表示。就不多说了。

　　Electrostatic capacity, expressed in UF. I won't say much.

　　工作电压(working voltage)简称WV，应为标称安全值，也就是说应用电路中，不得超过此标称电压。

　　The working voltage (WV) should be the nominal safe value, that is to say, the nominal voltage should not be exceeded in the application circuit.

　　温度，常见的大多为85度、105度。高温条件下（例如纯甲类功放）要优选105度标称的。一般情况下优选高温度系数的对于改善其他参数性能也有积极的帮助。

　　Temperature, most of the common 85 degrees, 105 degrees. Under high temperature conditions (such as pure class a power amplifier), 105 degree nominal power amplifier should be preferred. In general, the optimization of high temperature coefficient is helpful to improve the performance of other parameters.

　　2、散逸因数dissipation factor（DF）

　　Dispersion factor (DF)

　　有时DF值也用损失角tan表示。DF值是高还是低，与温度、容量、电压、频率都有关系；当容量相同时，耐压愈高的DF值就愈低。频率愈高DF值愈高，温度愈高DF值也愈高。

　　Sometimes the DF value is also expressed by the loss angle tan. Whether the DF value is high or low is related to temperature, capacity, voltage and frequency; when the capacity is the same, the higher the withstand voltage, the lower the DF value. The higher the frequency, the higher the DF value and the higher the temperature.

　　DF 值一般不标注在电容器上或规格介绍上面。在DIY选取电容时，可优先考虑选取更高耐压的，比如工作电压为45V时，选用50V的就不很合理。尽管使用50V的从承受电压正常工作方面并无不妥，但从DF值方面考虑就欠缺一些。使用63V或71V耐压的会有更好的表现的。当然，再高了性价比上就不合算了。

　　DF value is generally not marked on the capacitor or specification. In DIY selection of capacitor, we can give priority to the selection of higher withstand voltage, for example, when the working voltage is 45V, the selection of 50V is not very reasonable. Although the use of 50V from the withstand voltage of normal operation is not improper, but from the DF value of consideration is not some. Using 63v or 71v withstand voltage will have better performance. Of course, no matter how high the price performance ratio is, it will not be worthwhile.

　　3、等效串联电阻ESR

　　Equivalent series resistance ESR

　　ESR的高低与电容器的容量、电压、频率及温度都有关，ESR要求越低越好。

　　The level of ESR is related to the capacity, voltage, frequency and temperature of capacitor. The lower the ESR requirement, the better.

　　当额定电压固定时，容量愈大 ESR愈低。当容量固定时，选用高额定电压的品种可以降低 ESR。低频时ESR高，高频时ESR低，高温也会使ESR上升。等效串联电阻ESR 很多品牌可以从规格说明 书上查到。

　　When the rated voltage is fixed, the larger the capacity, the lower the ESR. When the capacity is fixed, the ESR can be reduced by selecting high rated voltage. ESR is high at low frequency, low at high frequency, and increases at high temperature. Many brands of equivalent series resistance ESR can be found in the specifications.

　　4、漏电流，就是漏电！铝电解电容都存在漏电的情况，这是物理结构所决定的。不用说，漏电流当然是越小越好！

　　Leakage current is leakage! Aluminum electrolytic capacitors have leakage, which is determined by the physical structure. Needless to say, the smaller the leakage current, the better!

　　电容器容量愈高，漏电流就愈大；降低工作电压可降低漏电流。反过来选用更高耐压的品种也会有助于减小漏电流。结合上面的两个参数，相同条件下优先选取高耐压品种的确是一个简便可行的好方法；降低内阻、降低漏电流、降低损失角、增加寿命。

　　The higher the capacitor capacity is, the greater the leakage current will be; reducing the working voltage can reduce the leakage current. Conversely, choosing a higher withstand voltage type will also help to reduce leakage current. Combined with the above two parameters, it is a simple and feasible method to select high voltage withstand varieties under the same conditions; it can reduce internal resistance, reduce leakage current, reduce loss angle and increase life.

　　有个说法，既电解电容工作在远低于额定工作电压时，由于不能得到有效的足以维持电极跟电解液之间的退极化作用，会导致电解电容的极化而降低涟波电流，增大ESR，从而提早老化。但是这个说法的前提是“远低于额定工作电压”，综合一些长期的实践经验来看，选取额定工作电压标称值的2/3左右为正常工作电压，是比较合理可靠的。

　　There is a saying that when the electrolytic capacitor is working far below the rated working voltage, it can not effectively maintain the depolarization between the electrode and the electrolyte, which will lead to the polarization of the electrolytic capacitor, reduce the ripple current, increase the ESR, and thus premature aging. However, the premise of this statement is "much lower than the rated working voltage". According to some long-term practical experience, it is reasonable and reliable to select about 2 / 3 of the nominal value of the rated working voltage as the normal working voltage.

　　业余情况下，我们可以对电解电容的漏电流大体上估计一下——把相同容量的电解电容按照额定承受电压进行充电，放置一段时间后再检测电容器两端的电压下降程度。下降电压越少的漏电流就越小。

　　In amateur situation, we can roughly estimate the leakage current of electrolytic capacitor - charge the electrolytic capacitor with the same capacity according to the rated withstand voltage, and then detect the voltage drop at both ends of the capacitor after a period of time. The less the drop voltage, the smaller the leakage current.

　　5、涟波电流Irac

　　Ripple current Irac

　　涟波电流对于石机的滤波电路来说，是一个很重要的参数。涟波电流Irac 是愈高愈好。它的高低与工作频率相关，频率越高Irac越大，频率越低Irac越小。

　　Ripple current is a very important parameter for the filter circuit of stone machine. The higher the ripple current Irac is, the better. The higher the frequency, the larger the Irac, and the lower the frequency, the smaller the Irac.

　　如果我们需要在低频时能够有很高的涟波电流，以求得到良好的大电流放电特性，使的低频更加结实饱满富有弹性，以及良好的控制驱动特性。实际上，在高频时高的涟波电流对音色的正面帮助也很大，可以使高频有更好的延伸和减小粗糙感。

　　If we need to be able to have high ripple current at low frequency, in order to get good high current discharge characteristics, make the low frequency more solid and full of elasticity, and good control and driving characteristics. In fact, at high frequencies, a high ripple current is also very helpful to the positive aspect of the timbre, which can make the high frequency have better extension and reduce the roughness.

　　电解电容型号的不同，响应的参数也会不同，进而达到的音质效果也会不同，这就需要由专业的人事来进行电解电容的选型。

　　Different types of electrolytic capacitors, the response parameters will be different, and then the sound quality effect will be different, which requires professional personnel to select electrolytic capacitors.